UNIT - 1
Fundamentals of Distributed System
I. Each Question Carries 1 Mark.
1. A _____________ is defined as requester of services.
a) Client b) Server c) Peer d) None
2. A _____________ is defined as provider of services.
a) Client b) Server c) Peer d) None
3. A single machine can be both a client and a server depending on the software configuration is called _____________.
a) Client b) Server c) Peer d) None
4. The term client/server was first used in the __________ in reference to personal computers (PCs) on a network.
a) 1972 b) 1992 c) 1980 d) None
5. _____________ refers to computing technologies in which the hardware and software components are distributed across a network.
a) Client/Server b) File Sharing c) RISC d) CISC
6. With _________________ software architectures all intelligence is within the central host computer.
Users interact with the host through a terminal that captures keystrokes and sends that information to
the host.
a) Mainframe b) File sharing c) Client/server d) Distributed
7. In ________________ architectures, server downloads files from the shared location to the desktop environment. The requested user job is then run in the desktop environment.
a) Mainframe b) File sharing c) Client/server d) Distributed
8. _______________ architectures work if shared usage is low, update contention is low, and the volume of data to be transferred is low.
a) Mainframe b) File sharing c) Client/server d) Distributed
9. The ______________ architecture reduced network traffic by providing a query response end to a shared database.
a) Mainframe b) File sharing c) Client/server d) Distributed
10. In ______________ architectures, Remote procedure calls (RPCs) of standard query language (SQL) statements are typically used to communicate between the client and server.
a) Mainframe b) File sharing c) Client/server d) Distributed
11. Developed and maintained by the Open System Foundation (OSF), the ______________ is an integrated distributed environment which incorporates technology from industry.
a) DCE b) DEC c) Collaborative Computing d) None
12. The _____________ is a set of integrated system services that provide an interoperable and flexible distributed environment with the primary goal of solving interoperability problems in heterogeneous, networked environment.
a) DCE b) DEC c) Collaborative Computing d) None
13. The _____________ is portable and flexible - the reference implementation is independent of both networks and operating systems and provides an architecture in which new technologies can be included.
a) DCE b) DEC c) Collaborative Computing d) None
14. The __________ infrastructure supports the construction and integration of client/server applications while attempting to hide the inherent complexity of the distributed processing from the user.
a) DCE b) DEC c) Collaborative Computing d) None
15. DCE’s ________________ Services provide tools for software developers to create the end-user services needed for distributed computing.
a) Data-Sharing b) Fundamental Distributed c) Collaborative Computing d) None
16. DCE’s Fundamental Services, ______________,which provide full X.500 support and a single naming model to allow programmers and maintainers to identify and access distributed resources more easily.
a) Remote Procedure Call b) Directory Services
c) Time Services d) Security services
17. DCE’s Fundamental Services, ____________,which provides a mechanism to monitor and track clocks in a distributed environment and accurate time stamps to reduce the load on system administrator.
a) Remote Procedure Call b) Directory Services
c) Time Services d) Security services
18. DCE’s Fundamental Services, _____________, which provides the network with authentication, authorization, and user account management services to maintain the integrity, privacy, and authenticity of the distributed system.
a) Thread services b) Directory Services
c) Time Services d) Security services
19. DCE’s Fundamental Services, _____________, which provides a simple, portable, programming model for building concurrent applications.
a) Thread services b) Directory Services
c) Time Services d) Security services
20. DCE’s Fundamental Services, _____________, which provides portability, network independence, and secure distributed applications.
a) Remote Procedure Call b) Directory Services
c) Time Services d) Security services
21. DCE Service, _____________ provide end user with capabilities build upon the fundamental distributed services.
a) Data-Sharing b) Fundamental Distributed c) Collaborative Computing d) None
22. ____________ service of DCE require no programming on the part of the end user and facilitate better use of information.
a) Data-Sharing b) Fundamental Distributed c) Collaborative Computing d) None
23. Data-sharing services of DCE provides, ____________ system, which interoperates with the network file system to provide a high-performance, scalable, and secure file access system.
a) Diskless support b) Distributed file c) File sharing d) None
24. Data-sharing services of DCE provides, ____________, which allows low-cost workstations to use disk on servers, possibly reducing the need/cost for local disks and provides performance enhancements to reduce network overhead.
a) Diskless support b) Distributed file c) File sharing d) None
25. The DCE supports international ______________ standards, which are critical to global interconnectivity.
a) SEI-CMM b) ISO c) OSI d) Six-Sigma
26. ____________ works internally with the client/server model and is well-suited for development of applications that are structured according to this model.
a) DEC b) DCE c) DFS d) NFS
27. For __________, intra-cell communication is optimized and relatively secure and transparent. Inter-cell communication, however, requires more specialized processing and more complexity than its intra-cell counterpart and requires a greater degree of programming expertise.
a) DEC b) DCE c) DFS d) NFS
28. When using the thread services provided by_________, the application programmer must be aware of thread synchronization and shared data across threads.
a) DEC b) DCE c) DFS d) NFS
29. When using the thread services provided by DCE, different threads are mutually asynchronous up to a static number defined at initialization, an individual thread is ________________.
a) Synchronous b) Asynchronous c) Isochronous d) None
30. The 2-tiered client/server architecture has proven to be very effective in solving ________________ problems
a) Shareware b) Middleware c) Groupware d) Distributed
31. The _______ client/server architecture improves scalability by accommodating up to 100 users, and improves flexibility by allowing data to be shared, usually within a homogeneous environment.
a) N-tier b) Single-tier c) 2-tier d) 3-tier
32. The _______ client/server architecture requires minimal operator intervention, and is frequently used in non-complex, non-time critical information processing system.
a) N-tier b) Single-tier c) 2-tier d) 3-tier
33. It is possible for a server to function as a client to a different server – in hierarchical client/server architecture. This is known as a chained _________ architecture design.
a) N-tier b) Single-tier c) 2-tier d) 3-tier
34. __________ software architectures are used extensively in non-time critical information processing where management and operations of the system are not complex.
a) N-tier b) Single-tier c) 2-tier d) 3-tier
35. Implementing __________ in stored procedure can limit scalability because as more application logic is moved to the database management server, the need for processing power grows.
a) Presentation b) Business logic c) Database logic d) None
36. __________ architectures can be difficult to administer and maintain because when applications reside on the client, every upgrade must be delivered, installed, and tested on each client.
a) N-tier b) Single-tier c) 2-tier d) 3-tier
37. The ________ architecture limits interoperability by using stored procedures to implement complex processing logic because stored procedures are normally implemented using a commercial database management system’s proprietary language.
a) N-tier b) Single-tier c) 2-tier d) 3-tier
38. The ___________ tier of 3-tier architecture provides process management where business logic and rules are executed and can accommodate hundreds of users by providing functions such as queuing, application execution, and database staging.
a) Middle-tier b) Second-tier c) third-tier d) N-tier
39. The _____________ architecture is used when an effective distributed client/server design is needed that provides increased performance, flexibility, maintainability, reusability, and scalability, while hiding the complexity of distributed processing from the user.
a) N-tier b) Single-tier c) 2-tier d) 3-tier
40. The ___________ provides process management services i.e. process development, process enactment, process monitoring, and process resourcing that are shared by multiple applications.
a) Middle-tier b) Second-tier c) third-tier d) N-tier
41. The ___________ server of 3-tier architecture improves performance, flexibility, maintainability, reusability, and scalability by centralizing process logic.
a) Middle-tier b) Second-tier c) third-tier d) N-tier
42. The ____________ manages distributed database integrity by the two phase commit process.
a) Middle-tier b) Second-tier c) third-tier d) N-tier
43. _____________ architectures are used in commercial and military distributed client/server environments in which shared resources, such as heterogeneous databases and processing rules, are required.
a) N-tier b) Single-tier c) 2-tier d) 3-tier
44. ____________ architectures facilitate software development because each tier can be built and executed on a separate platform, thus making it easier to organize the implementation.
a) N-tier b) Single-tier c) 2-tier d) 3-tier
45. ____________ architectures readily allow different tiers to be developed in different languages, such as a graphical user interface language or light internet client for the top tier.
a) N-tier b) Single-tier c) 2-tier d) 3-tier
46. The most basic type of middle layer in the _________ monitor.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP d) MOM
47. A ________ monitor as a kind of message queuing service.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP d) MOM
48. ________ was used for program development and the computer’s resources were allocated with a simple scheduling algorithm like round robin.
a) Time-Sharing b) OLTP c) OLAP d) TP
49. A ___________ monitor is a subsystem that groups’ together sets of related database updates and submits them together to a relational database.
a) Time-Sharing b) OLTP c) OLAP d) TP
50. _________ technology is software that is also referred to as middleware. It can provide application services to thousands of clients in a distributed client/server environment.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP monitor d) MOM
51. ____________ technology is independent of the database architecture.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP monitor d) MOM
52. _________ technology is easily scalable by adding more servers to meet growing numbers of users.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP monitor d) MOM
53. ____________ designs allows Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) to support components such as heterogeneous client libraries, databases and resource managers, and peer-level application systems.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP monitor d) MOM
54. _____________ technology supports architecture flexibility because each component in a distributed system is comprised of products that are designed to meet specific functionality, such as graphical user interface builders and database engines.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP monitor d) MOM
55. __________ technology supports a number of program-to-program communication models, such as tore-and-forward, asynchronous, Remote Procedure Call (RPC), and conversational. This improves interactions among application components.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP monitor d) MOM
56. __________ technology provides the ability to construct complex business applications from modular, well-defined function components. Because this technology is well –known and well deified it should reduce program risk and associated cost.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP monitor d) MOM
57. By early 1990 the use of TP Monitor dropped by the wayside because many of the services provided by a TP monitor were available as part of the DBMS of Middleware software provided by vendors like GUPTA, Oracle and Sybase. Those embedded TP services have acquired the nickname ___________.
a) OLAP b) TP Lite c) TP monitor d) MOM
58. _____________ queuing engines provide a funneling effects, reducing the number of threads a DBMS server needs to maintain.
a) OLAP b) TP Lite c) MOM d) TP monitor
59. Once the monitor has accepted the message, the client can be released for further processing. The synchronous session base computing of a 2-tier architecture, then becomes asynchronous through the insertion of the _____________ into the equation.
a) OLAP b) TP Lite c) MOM d) TP monitor
60. In __________ architectures most of the application’s business logic is moved from the PC and into a common, shared host server.
a) N-tier b) Single-tier c) 2-tier d) 3-tier
61. In 3-tier architectures most of the application’s ___________ logic is moved from the PC and into a common, shared host server.
a) Business b) Database c) User Interface d) Data Processing
62. The ______________ server approach of 3-tier client/server architecture is similar in overall concepts to the X architecture that was developed at MIT in the 1990’s.
a) Message b) Application c) ODBMS d) ORB
63 The ____________ server normally operates under a 32 bits multitasking OS like NT, OS/2, NETWARE OR UNIX.
a) Message b) Application c) 2-tier d) 3-tier
64. The support and installation costs of maintaining software on a single server is munch ______ than trying to maintain the same software on hundreds or thousands of PC’s.
a) More b) Less c) Equal d) Can’t specific
65. The major downside to an application server approach to client/server computing is that the technology is much more difficult to implement than a __________ approach.
a) N-tier b) Single-tier c) 2-tier d) 3-tier
66. The ___________ is an open membership, not-for-profit consortium that produces and maintains computer industry specifications for interoperable enterprise applications.
a) CORBA b) OMG c) OpenDoc d) OLE
67. “It we need fault tolerant computing, we could implement copies of objects onto multiple servers. That way if any were down, it would be possible to go to another site for servers”
State TRUE or FALSE
a) TRUE b) FALSE c) Statement Not complete d) None
68. A _________ architecture is also useful for data mining or warehouse types of application. These applications are characterized by unanticipated browsing of historical data.
a) 3-tier b) Single-tier c) 2-tier d) N-tier
69. OLAP means
a) On-Line Application Programming b) On-Line analytical Processor
c) On-Line Application Processing d) On-Line analytical Programming
70. _____________ can be defined as the sum of important long-term system interfaces.
a) Security b) Architecture c) Transactions d) System Interface
71. Alternative of 3-tier architectures is _______________ computing is seen as a viable alternative, particularity if object-oriented technology on an enterprise-wide scale is desired. an enterprise-wide design is comprised of numerous smaller systems or subsystems.
a) Distributed/Collaborative enterprise b) Centralized/File sharing
c) File Sharing/Collaborative enterprise d) Co-operative
72. ___________ are a valid alternative when reliability and scalability requirements can not fulfilled with existing multi layer technology.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP d) MOM
73. The benefit of _____________________ architectural approach is that standardized business object models and distributed object computing are combined to give an organization flexibility to improve effectiveness organizationally, operationally, and technologically.
a) Distributed/Collaborative enterprise b) Centralized/File sharing
c) File Sharing/Collaborative enterprise d) Co-operative
74. In __________________ architectural design, an object model represents all aspects of the business; what is known, what the business does, what are the constraints, and what are the interactions and the relationships.
a) Distributed/Collaborative enterprise b) Centralized/File sharing
c) File Sharing/Collaborative enterprise d) Co-operative
75. _________________ builds its new business applications on top of distributed business models and distributed computing technology.
a) Distributed/Collaborative enterprise b) Centralized/File sharing
c) File Sharing/Collaborative enterprise d) Co-operative
76. In Distributed/Collaborative enterprise - “The message communication component forms an enterprise-wide standard mechanism for accessing computing and information resources. This becomes a standard interface to heterogeneous system components”.
a) TRUE b) FALSE c) Statement not complete d) None
77. An ____________ is a middleware technology that manages communication and data exchange between objects.
a) OpenDoc b) OMG c) ORB d) OLE
78.__________ promote interoperability of distributed object systems because they enable users to build systems by piecing together objects- from different vendors- that communicate with each other.
a) OpenDoc b) OMG c) ORB d) OLE
79. ____________technology promotes the goal of object communication across machine, software, and vendor boundaries.
a) OpenDoc b) OMG c) ORB d) OLE
80. An ____________ acts as a kind of telephone exchange. It provides directory of services and helps establish connections between clients and other services.
a) OpenDoc b) OMG c) ORB d) OLE
81. It is the responsibility of the _________ (in distributed/collaborative enterprise architecture) to provide the illusion of locality, in other words, to make it appear as if the objects is local to the client, while in reality it may reside in a different process or machine.
a) OpenDoc b) OMG c) ORB d) OLE
82. ___________ technology is used when data updates need to occur simultaneously at multiple databases within a distributed system.
a) Distributed processing b) Two phase commit
c) Commit d) Rollback
83. ___________ are done to maintain data integrity and accuracy within the distributed databases through synchronized locking of all pieces of a transaction.
a) Distributed processing b) Two phase commit
c) Commit d) Rollback
84. When dealing with distributed database, such as in the client/server architecture, distributed transactions need to be coordinated throughout the network to ensure data integrity for the users. Distributed databases using the _____________ technique update all participating database simultaneously.
a) Distributed processing b) Two phase commit
c) Commit d) Rollback
85. Unlike non-distributed databases, where a single change is or is not made locally, all participating databases must all commit or all rollback in distributed databases, even if there is a system or network failure at any node. This is how the ______________ process maintains system data integrity.
a) Distributed processing b) Two phase commit
c) Commit d) Rollback
86. _____________ is a client/server infrastructure that increases the interoperability, portability, and flexibility of an application by allowing the application to be distributed over multiple heterogeneous platforms.
a) Remote Procedure Call b) Directory Services
c) Time Services d) Security services
87. By using __________, the complexity involved in the development of distributed processing is reduced by keeping the semantics of a remote call the same whether or not the client and server are collocated on the same system.
a) Remote Procedure Call b) Directory Services
c) Time Services d) Security services
88. ___________ increases the flexibility of architecture by allowing a client component of an application to employ a function call to access a server on a remote system.
a) Remote Procedure Call b) Directory Services
c) Time Services d) Security services
89. ___________ allows the remote component to be accessed without knowledge of the network address or any other lower-level information. Most RPCs use synchronous, request-reply protocol, which involves blocking of the client until the server fulfills its request.
a) Remote Procedure Call b) Directory Services
c) Time Services d) Security services
90. ___________ is appropriate for client/server applications in which the client can issue a request and wait for the server’s response before continuing its own processing.
a) Remote Procedure Call b) Directory Services
c) Time Services d) Security services
91. __________ middleware is a client/server infrastructure that increases the interoperability, portability, and flexibility of an application by allowing the application to be distributed over multiple heterogeneous platforms.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP d) MOM
92. _____________ reduces the complexity of developing applications that span multiple operating systems and network protocols by insulating the application developer from the details of the various operating system and network interfaces.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP d) MOM
93. _____________ is software that resides in both portions of client/server architecture and typically supports asynchronous call between the client and server applications.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP d) MOM
94. _____________ reduces the involvement of application developers with the complexity of the master-slave nature of the client/server mechanism.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP d) MOM
95. ____________ is most appropriate for event-driven applications.
a) OLAP b) OLATP c) TP d) MOM
1 A 2 B 3 C 4 C 5 A 6 A 7 B
8 B 9 C 10 C 11 A 12 A 13 A 14 A
15 B 16 B 17 C 18 D 19 A 20 A 21 A
22 A 23 B 24 A 25 C 26 B 27 B 28 B
29 A 30 C 31 C 32 C 33 C 34 C 35 B
36 C 37 C 38 A 39 D 40 A 41 A 42 A
43 D 44 D 45 D 46 C 47 C 48 A 49 A
50 C 51 C 52 C 53 C 54 C 55 C 56C
57 B 58 D 59 D 60 D 61 A 62 B 63 D
64 B 65 C 66 B 67 A 68 A 69 B 70 B
71 A 72 C 73 A 74 A 75 A 76 A 77 C
78 C 79 C 80 C 81 C 82 B 83 B 84 B
85 B 86 A 87 A 88 A 89. A 90 A 91 D
92 D 93 D 94 D 95 D
II. Each Question Carries 2 Marks.
1. DCE services are organized into two categories: ______________ and _________________.
a) Fundamental Distributed services, Data-sharing services
b) Collaborative Services, Distributed services
c) Data-sharing services, Collaborative Services
d) Fundamental Distributed Services, Collaborative Services
2. Data-Sharing service of DCE requires no programming on the part of the end user and facilitates better use of information. The include ________________ and _______________.
a) Distributed file system, Diskless support b) File sharing, Disk support
c) File sharing, Diskless support d) Distributed file system, Disk support
3. In 2-tier architecture, ____________ or ____________ are typically used to communicate between the client and server.
a) RPC, SQL b) RMI, DCOM
c) Stored Procedure, triggers d) RMI, ORB
4. In 2-tier client/server architecture the server is likely to have support for __________ and _____________.
a) RPC, SQL b) RMI, DCOM
c) Stored Procedure, triggers d) RMI, ORB
5. In 2-tier client/server architecture the ____________ can be programmed to implement business rules that are better suited to run on the __________ than the client, resulting in a much more efficient overall system.
a) Server, Server b) Client, Server
c) Server, client d) Client, Client
6. By early 1990 the use of TP Monitor dropped by the wayside because many of the services provided by a TP monitor were available as part of the DBMS of Middleware software provided by vendors like GUPTA, _________ and ___________.
a) SQL Sever, Oracle b) SQL Sever, DB2
c) Sybase, Oracle d) Sybase, DB2
7. ___________ and ___________ applications typically need response times of a few seconds. If the system can’t provide that kind of performance, the thought process of the human analyst is disrupted and the overall purpose of the system is foiled.
a) Data Mining, MIS b) Data Mining, Decision Support
c) MIS, Decision Support d) Data Mining, Data processing
8. Complementary technologies to ___________ architectures are object-oriented design( to implement decomposable application), _________ client/server architecture tools, and database Two phase commit processing.
a) 3-tier, 3-tier b) 2-tier, 3-tier c) 3-tier, 2-tier d) 2-tier, 2-tier
9. For Communication between potentially distributed layer some middleware is needed. This middleware can be a ___________ mechanism or a ____________, depending on whether synchronous or asynchronous communication is preferred.
a) OLE, COM b) RPC, MOM c) OLE, MOM d) RPC, COM
10. There are many ways of implementing the basic _______ concepts; for example, _______ functions can be complied into clients, can be separate processes, or can be part of an operating system kernel.
a) OLE, COM b) ORB, ORB c) OLE, MOM d) RPC, COM
11. __________ is a proven solution when data integrity in a distributed system is a requirement. ___________ technology is used for hotel and airline reservations, stock market transactions, banking applications and credit card systems.
a) Distributed processing, Two phase commit b) Two phase commit, Two phase commit
c) Commit, Two phase commit d) Rollback, Two phase commit
Answers -2
1. A 2 A 3 A 4. C 5. A 6 C 7 B
8 A 9 B 10 B 11 B
III. Each Question Carries 4 Marks.
1. The client/server software architecture is a versatile, message-based and modular infrastructure that is intended to improve
i) Usability ii) Flexibility iii) interoperability iv) Scalability
a) i, ii, & iv ii) ii, iii, & iv c) i, iii, & iv d) i, ii, iii & iv
2. Trends in Client / Server include the following:
i) Movement away from the traditional centralized computer systems and toward Distributed
computing systems.
ii) Movement away from the traditional client/server organization.
iii) Movement away fro single-vender architectures and toward heterogeneous architectures.
iv) Movement away from proprietary software and toward open, standard-based products.
a) i, ii, & iv ii) ii, iii, & iv c) i, iii, & iv d) i, ii, iii & iv
3. Client/Server software architecture could be classified into 4 categories:
i) Mainframe Architecture ii) File sharing architecture
iii) Client/Server architecture iv) Distributed/Collaborative architecture
a) i, ii, & iv ii) ii, iii, & iv c) i, iii, & iv d) All of the above
4. DCE’s Fundamental Distributed services provide tools for software developers to create the end-user services needed for distributed computing. They include
i) Remote Procedure Call ii) Directory Services
iii) Time Services iv) Security services
v) Thread Service
a) i, ii, & iv ii) ii, iii, & iv c) i, iii, & iv d) All of the above
5. The DCE also implements ISO standards such as one or more of the following:
i) CCITT X.500 ii) ROSE iii) ACSE iv) ISO Session
v) TCP/IP transport
a) All of the above ii) ii, iii, & v c) i, iii, & iv d) i, ii, iv & v
6. Select from the following the best toolsets use to develop 2-tier client/server architecture:
i) Microsoft’s Visual Basic ii) Borland’s Delphi
iii) Sybase’s Power Builder iv) Turbo C++
v) Gupta SQL
a) All of the above b) i, ii, and iii
c) ii, iii, and iv d) ii, iv, and v
7. Two-tier client/server architectures consist of three components distributed in two layers.
a) Layer – 1 User System interface b) Layer – 1 Processing Management
Layer – 2 Processing Management Layer – 2 User System interface
Layer – 3 Databases Management Layer – 3 Databases Management
c) Layer – 1 Processing Management d) Layer – 1 Databases Management
Layer – 2 Databases Management Layer – 2 Processing Management
Layer – 3 User System interface Layer – 3 User System interface
8. The 2-tier client server architecture is frequently used in
i) Decision support systems
ii) Small business
iii) Non-time critical information processing
iv) Workgroup applications (Groupware) <100 users
v) Online transaction processing
a) All of the above b) i, ii, iii and iv
c) ii, iii, and iv d) ii, iv, and v
9. When preparing a two tier architecture for possible migration to an alternative three tier architecture, the following steps will make the transition less costly and of lower risk
i) Eliminate application diversity by ensuring a common, cross-hardware library and
development tools.
ii) Develop smaller, more comparable service elements, and allow access through clearly-defined
interfaces.
iii) Use an interface Definition language (IDL) to model service interfaces and build applications
using header files generated when compiled.
iv) Place service elements into separate directories or files in the source code.
v) Increase flexibility in distributed functionality by inserting service elements into Dynamic
Linked Libraries (DLLs) so that they do not need to be compiled into programs.
a) All of the above b) i, ii, iii and iv
c) ii, iii, and iv d) ii, iv, and v
10. The placement of a particular function on a tier should be base on criteria such as the following
i) Ease of development and testing
ii) Ease of administration
iii) Scalability of servers
iv) Performance (Including both processing and network load)
a) All of the above b) i, ii, and iv
c) ii, iii, and iv d) i, iii, and iv
11. TP Monitor makes sure that groups of updates take place together or not at all. The advantages of the include increased system robustness as well as throughput. This also supports the four TP ACID requirements
i) Atomicity ii) Consistency iii) Isolation iv) Durability
a) i, iii, and iv b) i, ii, and iv
c) ii, iii, and iv d) All of the above
12. The following are the key services a TP Monitor provides are:
i) The ability to update multiple different DBMS in a single transaction
ii) Connectivity to a variety of data sources including flat files.
iii) Non relational DBMS
iv) The ability to attach priorities to transactions
v) Robust security, including kerberos
a) ii, iv, and v b) i, ii, iii and iv
c) ii, iii, and iv d) All of the above
13. The 3-tier architecture solves a number of problems that are inherent to 2-tier architectures. Naturally it also causes new problems, but these are outweighed by the advantages.
i) Clear separation of user-interface-control and data presentation from application-logic.
ii) Re-definition of the storage strategy won’t influence the clients.
iii) Business-object and data storage should be brought as close together as possible, ideally they
should be together physically on the same server.
iv) In contract to the 2-tier model, where only data is accessible to the public, business-objects
can place applications-logic or services on the net.
v) As a rule servers are trusted system. Their authorization is simpler than that of thousands of
entrusted client-PCs.
vi) Dynamic load balancing.
vii) Change management of course its easy and faster- to exchange a versions.
a) All of the above b) i, ii, iii, v, vi and vii
c) i, ii, iii, iv and vii d) ii, iii, iv, v and viii
14. Two tier client server architectures are appropriate alternatives to the three tier architectures under the following circumstances:
i) When the number of users is expected to be less than 100.
ii) For non real-time information processing in non-complex systems that requires minimal
operator intervention.
iii) When the number of users is expected to be more than 200.
iv) For real-time information processing in complex systems.
v) For off-line data-base processing
a) All of the above b) i, ii, iii, v, vi and vii
c) i, and ii d) ii, iii, iv, v and viii
15. Messaging communication component such as an object Request Broker hides the following from business application.
i) The implementation details of networking and protocols
ii) The location and distribution of data, process, and hosts.
iii) Production environment services such as transaction management, security, messaging
reliability, and persistent storage.
iv) Implementation of TCP/IP details.
a) All of the above b) i, ii, and iii
c) i, and ii d) ii, iii, and iv
16. ORB technology promotes the goal of object communication across machine, software, and vendor boundaries. The relevant functions of an ORB technology are:
i) Interface definition
ii) Location and possible activation of remote objects
iii) Communication between clients and object
iv) Communication between clients and Client
v) Isolation of objects from servers.
a) All of the above b) i, ii, iv, and v
c) i, ii and iii d) ii, ii, iii, iv and v
17. There are two major ORB technologies:
i) The Object Management Group’s common Object Request Broker Architecture Specification
ii) Microsoft’s component Object Model
iii) Microsoft’s Object Linking and embedding
iv) Java’s Remote Method Invocation
a) All of the above b) i, ii, and iii
c) i, and ii d) ii, iii, and iv
18. OOD can yield the following benefits:
i) Maintainability through simplified mapping to the problem domain
ii) Reusability of the design artifacts which save time and cost
iii) Flexibility, applied to the program execution
iv) Defines Message Protocols
a) All of the above b) i, ii, and iii
c) i, and ii d) ii, iii, and iv
19. Two phase commit has two distinct processes that are accomplished in less than a fraction of a second:
i) The prepare phase, where the global coordinator will promise to commit or rollback the
transaction.
ii) The commit phase, where participants respond to the coordinator that they are prepared, then
the coordinator asks all nodes to commit the transaction. If all participants cannot prepare or
there is a system component failure, the coordinator asks all database to roll back the
transaction.
iii) The prepare phase, where the global coordinator will commit transaction.
iv) The commit phase, where participants respond to the coordinator that they are prepared, then
the coordinator asks all nodes to commit the transaction. If all participants prepare a system
for rollback
a) All of the above b) i, ii, and iii
c) i, and ii d) ii, iii, and iv
20. There have been two performance issues with two-phase commit:
i) If one database server is unavailable, none of the servers gets the updates. This is correctable if the software administrator forces the commit to the available participants, but if this is a recurring problem the administrator may not be able to keep up, thus causing system and network performance will deteriorate.
ii) There is significant demand in network resources as the number of database servers to which data must be distributed increases. this is correctable through network tuning and correctly building the data distributed through database optimization techniques.
iii) If one database server is unavailable, other servers get the updates. This is correctable if the software administrator forces the commit to the available participants, but if this is a recurring problem the administrator may not be able to keep up, thus causing system and network performance will deteriorate.
iv) There is no significant demand in network resources as the number of database servers to which data must be distributed increases. This is correctable through network tuning and correctly building the data distributed through database optimization techniques.
a) All of the above b) i, ii, and iii
c) i, and ii d) ii, iii, and iv
21. RPC is typically implemented in one of the two ways:
i) Within a broader, more encompassing propriety product
ii) by a programmer using a proprietary tool to create client/server RPC stubs
iii) by the client to call the function as function available at client
iv) by server to permit the client to assess the server’s database
a) All of the above b) i, ii, and iii
c) i, and ii d) ii, iii, and iv
22. RPC-base application include the following
i) Support fo synchronous and / or asynchronous processing
ii) Support of different networking protocols
iii) support for different file systems.
iv) Whether the RPC mechanism can be obtained individually, or only bundled with a server
operating system
a) All of the above b) i, ii, and iii
c) i, and ii d) ii, iii, and iv
23. The message-oriented middleware software must run on every platform of a network. The impact of this varies and depends on the characteristics of the system in which the MOM will be used.
i) Not all MOM implementations support all operating systems and protocols. The flexibility to choose a MOM implementation may be dependent on the chosen application platform or network protocols supported or vice versa.
ii) Local resources and CPU cycles must be used to support the MOM kernels on each platform. the performance impact of the middleware implementation must be considered; this could possibly require the user to acquire greater local resources and processing power.
iii) The administrative and maintenance burden would increase significantly for a network manager with a large distributed system, especially I a mostly heterogeneous system.
iv) A MOM implementation may cost more if multiple kernels are required for a heterogeneous system, especially when a system is maintaining kernels for old platforms and new platforms simultaneously.
a) All of the above b) i, ii, and iii
c) i, and ii d) ii, iii, and iv
Answer 4
1 D 2 D 3 D 4 D 5 A 6 B 7 A
8 B 9 A 10 A 11. D 12 D 13 A 14 C
15 B 16 C 17 C 18 C 19 C 20 C 21 C
22 A 23 A
Client / Server Platforms
Graphical User Interface Builders
1. “Graphical user interface (GUI) builder are software engineering tools developed to increase the productivity of user interface (UI) development teams, and to lower the cost of UI code in both the development and maintenance phase”.
a) True b) False c) Statement not Complete d) None
2. ________ of GUI are used for building the interface itself, but nothing more.
a) UIMs b) IDTs c) CUI d) ZUI
3. _________ extend the functionality of IDTs to include application development (code generation tools) or scripting tools.
a) UIMs b) IDTs c) CUI d) ZUI
4. The _________ adds the benefits of code generation tools, which can greatly increase the productivity of the GUI development staff.
a) UIMs b) IDTs c) CUI d) ZUI
5. If we deal with GUI scenario than Ms products comes into picture, to be used in GUI environment. The most common among all is _____________.
a) Visual Basic b) Paradox c) MS-Access d) None
6. Workstations base on ____________ processors are primarily used for scientific and engineering applications, as this CPUs are generally faster and more powerful than Intel’s 80486 CPUs.
a) CISC b) RISC c) NRAM d) None
7. A ________ CPU derives its enhanced performance from the reduction of the amount of the micro-code in the chip itself; less code means the CPU can perform its internal operation faster.
a) CISC b) RISC c) NRAM d) None
8. Many ________ system support multiple CPUs and are more properly referred to super servers
a) CISC b) RISC c) NRAM d) None
Answer-1
1 A 2 B 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. B
7. B 8. B 9.
II – 2 Marks
1. __________ and _________ type of GUI builders permits the interactive creation of the form-end GUI using a palette of widgets, a widget attribute specification form, a menu hierarchy ( menu tree structure), a tool bar, and a view of the form.
a) IDTs, ZUI b) CUI, UIMS
c) IDTs, IUMS d) IDTs, CUI
2.
answer-2
1. C 2.
III - 4 Marks
1. GUI development tools can be broadly categorized into types:
i) Interface Development Tools (IDTs)
ii) User interface Management Systems (UIMs)
iii) Character User Interface (CUI)
iv) Zooming User Interface (ZUI)
a) i, and ii b) ii, and iii c) i, and iii d) ii, and iv
2. This technology is classified under the following categories.
Name of technology Graphical User Interface Builder
1. Application category a. Software Engineering tools and Techniques
User Interface
2. Quality measures Category b. Interface Design, Code, Reapply software
life Cycle Re-engineering
3. Computing reviews Category c. Usability, Maintainability
a) 1-B, 2-C, 3-A b) 1-B, 2-A, 3-B
c) 1-B, 2-A, 3-C d) 1-C, 2-B, 3-A
3.
Answer – 4
1. A 2. A
UNIT – 2
Concepts and Protocols
I. Each Question Carries 1 Mark.
1. __________ is file server appliances.
a) Filer b) High performance Server c) Net server d) None
2. ____________ have evolved to feed the growing I/O appetite of ever-faster computer systems.
a) LAN b) MAN c) WAN d) None
3. Electronic Mail, where messages may be exchanged between mail servers using ________ and others using SNA or IPX.
a) TCP b) UDP c) IP d) None
4. LANs were extended with _______________ , devices which passively amplified signals from one cable segment to the next, without any kind of filtering of traffic.
a) Amplifiers b) Routers c) Hubs d) Repeaters
5. Ethernet-based LAN increased contention for the same-fixed 10-MBPS bandwidth. The contention itself reduced available bandwidth due to the inherent nature of ____________.
a) Ethernet b) Coaxial cable c) UTP d) STP
6. If multiple devices simultaneously attempt to transmit over the same ____________, a collision occurs.
a) Ethernet b) Coaxial cable c) UTP d) STP
7. Ethernet interfaces employ __________ methods to detect other traffic on the network and await opportunities for safe transmission.
a) Collision Detection b) collision-avoidance c) Contention d) None
8. As collision rates rise, effective bandwidth availability for that Ethernet is _____________.
a) Increase b) Reduced c) Unchanged d) None
9. A ___________ bridge actively recreates the packets it forwards.
a) Amplifiers b) Routers c) Bridge d) Repeaters
10. A __________ bridge can be used to extend a LAN over arbitrary distance- or for use in MANs and WANs.
a) Amplifiers b) Routers c) Bridge d) Repeaters
11. Each segment in a bridged network is an isolated collision domain. Signals do not propagate from one segment to another without being interpreted by the ____________.
a) Amplifiers b) Routers c) Bridge d) Repeaters
12. A bridge uses the _____________ layer information in each packet’s headers to maintain table which map physical addresses to specific port.
a) Amplifiers b) Routers c) Bridge d) Repeaters
13. Bridge ports use ______________ methods to attempt safe packet transmission, just like any other Ethernet interface.
a) Collision Detection b) collision-avoidance c) Contention d) None
14. Some _____________ may not be able to sustain the throughput required by high-performance systems, causing some packets to be dropped.
a) Amplifiers b) Routers c) Bridges d) Repeaters
15. ______________ is a protocol for file sharing in LAN environment.
a) NFS b) DFS c) HFS d) None
16. Use of _____________ brought with it the conflicting phenomena of greater bandwidth requirements and increased likelihood of high collision rates per Ethernet
. a) NFS b) DFS c) HFS d) None
17. In NFS-intensive sites, if a client workstation on segment #1 accessed files exported by a server on Segment #3, then all of that traffic would traverse Segment #2, reducing the effective bandwidth available to systems residing on Segment #____.
a) 3 b) 2 c) 1 d) All the segment
18. Router operates on information in the ____________ layer, allowing them to use multiple end-to-end routing paths.
a) Amplifiers b) Routers c) Bridges d) Repeaters
19. ____________ provide connectivity to other subnets, isolate broadcasts and collisions, and –because they operate on the Network layer-transcend protocol differences to facilitate interaction where desired or minimize cross-protocol interaction where it would be counter-productive.
a) Amplifiers b) Routers c) Bridges d) Repeaters
20. The availability of high-performance routers facilitates a move toward hierarchical topologies. The simplest hierarchy has only a single layer in its structure, where the ____________ is the backbone.
a) Amplifiers b) Routers c) Bridges d) Repeaters
21. Most large sites had implemented ____________ wiring for Ethernet, because it is less expensive and more reconfigurable than Thick and Thin-net.
a) Coaxial b) Fiber optic c) UTP d) None
22. An _____________ hub might have a management interface, be able to respond to remote network monitoring tools, and/or isolate ports where problems have been detected.
a) Passive b) Active c) Intelligent d) None
23. ___________ cabling is virtually always implanted with hubs.
a) Coaxial b) Fiber optic c) UTP d) None
24. ___________ have become popular as replacements for hubs.
a) Switches b) Routers c) Bridges d) Repeaters
25. ___________ have enhanced capabilities that allow them to act as routers.
a) Switches b) Routers c) Bridges d) Repeaters
26. To improve the performance of switches, some vendors employ ____________ switching, wherein packet forwarding commences immediately upon arrival of the destination address portion of the packet header, even while remainder of the packet is still being received on the incoming port.
a) Circuit b) Message c) Packet d) Cut-through
27. ATM stands for ___________________.
a) Automatic Teller Machine b) Asynchronous Transfer Mode
c) Advance Telecommunication machine. d) None
28. _______________ is a cell -switching and multiplexing technology that combines the benefits of dedicated circuits with those of packet switching.
a) Automatic Teller Machine b) Asynchronous Transfer Mode
c) Advance Telecommunication machine. d) None
29. Multiple ___________ switches can be combined in a fabric sometimes called and “ATM cloud”.
a) Automatic Teller Machine b) Asynchronous Transfer Mode
c) Advance Telecommunication machine. d) None
30. IETF stands for ________________________.
a) Internet Engineering Task Forum b) Internet Engineering Task Foundation
c) Internet Engineering Task Force d) Internet E-Commerce Tracing Facility Forum
31. The ___________, file severs deployment, approach is trickier to implement and maintain when applied to large sites. It doesn’t scale well; the pitfalls are many.
a) Server-per-Subnet b) Multi-homed Server
c) Hierarchical Server d) None
32. _____________, file sever deployment, can be directly attached to all subnet, improving performance by eliminating hops.
a) Server-per-Subnet b) Multi-homed Server
c) Hierarchical Server d) None
33. ___________ is a term used to describe the logical way in which computers are connected in a network.
a) Topology b) Topography c) Graphology d) None
34. __________ topology requires a central controller or hub.
a) Mesh b) Star c) Bus d) Ring
35. __________ topology requires a multipoint connections.
a) Mesh b) Star c) Bus d) Ring
36. A tree topology is a variation of a ___________ topology.
a) Mesh b) Star c) Bus d) Ring
37. In a __________ topology, if there are n devices in a network, each device has n –1 ports for cables.
a) Mesh b) Star c) Bus d) Ring
38. ___________ topology features a point-to-point line configuration.
a) Mesh b) Star c) Bus d) Ring
39. In _____________ topology each node is connected to a single, centrally located file server.
a) Mesh b) Star c) Bus d) Ring
40. _____________ is the most difficult topology to implement as the number of nodes increase.
a) Mesh b) Star c) Bus d) Ring
41. In ____________ kind of networks transmitting and receiving equipments are geographically distributed.
a) LAN b) MAN c) WAN d) None
42. The goal of _____________ is to find the most economical and efficient way to connects all the users to the network resources while providing adequate capacity to handle user demands, maintain system reliability and minimize delay.
a) Topology b) Topography c) Graphology d) None
43. ____________ is the most popular topology. Here a single main cable connects each node, in what amounts to a single line of computers accessing it from end to end.
a) Mesh b) Star c) Bus d) Ring
44. In ___________ topology each node passes the information along to the next, until it arrives at the intended destination. Performance can be faster on this system because each portion of the cabling system is handling only the data flow between two machines.
a) Mesh b) Star c) Bus d) Ring
45. ___________ type of topology can be found in peer-to-peer network, in which each machine manages both information processing and the distribution of data files.
a) Mesh b) Star c) Bus d) Ring
46. The _____________ topology is having minimum data traffic along the cables (node to server only), for optimum performance.
a) Mesh b) Star c) Bus d) Ring
47. _____________ topologies consist of more than one layer of hubs. Each layer serves a different network function. The bottom tier would be reserved for user station and server connectivity.
a) Daisy chain b) Hierarchical c) FDDI d) None
48. ___________ topologies arrangement is best suited for medium to large-sized LANs that must be concerned with scalability of the network and traffic aggregation.
a) Daisy chain b) Hierarchical c) FDDI d) None
49. _____________ networks can be scaled up by interconnecting multiple rings in a hierarchical fashion.
a) Hierarchical star b) Hierarchical ring c) FDDI d) Daisy chain
50. In ____________ topologies, second-tier ring, either Token Ring or FDDI, can be used to interconnect all the user-level rings and to provide aggregated access to the WAN.
a) Hierarchical star b) Hierarchical ring c) FDDI d) Daisy chain
51. _______________ can be implemented as a single collision domain or segmented into multiple collision domains using either switches or bridges.
a) Hierarchical star b) Hierarchical ring c) FDDI d) Daisy chain
52. A _________________ topology uses one tier for user and server connectivity and the second tier as a backbone.
a) Hierarchical star b) Hierarchical ring c) FDDI d) Daisy chain
53. _________________ topology, and asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) backbone is used to interconnect the user-level hubs, FDDI interconnects the “Server farm” while Ethernet interconnects the user stations.
a) Hierarchical star b) Hierarchical ring c) Hierarchical combination d) Daisy chain
54. ______________ tends to have the least stringent performance requirements of the LANs functional areas.
a) Station connectivity b) Server Connectivity
c) WAN Connectivity d) Backbone
55. _______________ can be more robust than station connectivity in terms of available bandwidth and robustness of access method. LAN topologies can also be manipulated to accommodate the robust network performance requirement of servers and server clusters.
a) Station connectivity b) Server Connectivity
c) WAN Connectivity d) Backbone
56. The __________ is interconnected with a small FDDI loop, while the less robust user stations are interconnected with Ethernet.
a) Client farm b) Server farm c) Node farm d) Workstation
57. _____________ is provided by a single connection from the backbone to a router.
a) Station connectivity b) Server Connectivity
c) WAN Connectivity d) Backbone
58. A _______________, is nothing more than a series of hubs daisy-chained together. This topology is inappropriate for all but the smallest of network.
a) Serial Backbone b) Distributed Backbone
c) Collapsed Backbone d) Parallel Backbone
59. A ______________ is a form of hierarchical topology that can be built by installing a backbone hub in a central location.
a) Serial Backbone b) Distributed Backbone
c) Collapsed Backbone d) Parallel Backbone
60. A ________________ can be developed by centrally locating the backbone hub. Connections are distributed from this hub to other hubs throughout the building.
a) Serial Backbone b) Distributed Backbone
c) Collapsed Backbone d) Parallel Backbone
61. A _________________ topology features a centralized router that interconnects all the LAN segments in a given building. The router effectively creates multiple collision and broadcast domains, thereby increasing the performance of each of the LAN segments.
a) Serial Backbone b) Distributed Backbone
c) Collapsed Backbone d) Parallel Backbone
62. An important consideration in _________________ topologies is that user communities are seldom conveniently distributed throughout a building.
a) Serial Backbone b) Distributed Backbone
c) Collapsed Backbone d) Parallel Backbone
63. In some of the cases where collapsed backbones are untenable solutions, a modified version may prove ideal. This modification is known as the _________________.
a) Serial Backbone b) Distributed Backbone
c) Collapsed Backbone d) Parallel Backbone
64. The ______________ topology is a modification of the collapsed backbone.
a) Serial Backbone b) Distributed Backbone
c) Collapsed Backbone d) Parallel Backbone
65. Serial backbone is also known as ______________________.
a) Hierarchical star b) Hierarchical ring c) Hierarchical combination d) Daisy chain
66. The LAN’s connection to the __________________ provides WAN connectivity
a) Router b) Bridge c) Repeater d) Hub
67. A collapsed backbone topology features centralized ______________ that interconnects all the LAN segments in a building.
a) Router b) Bridge c) Repeater d) Hub
I. Answers- 1 Mark
1. A 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. A
7. B 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. C 12. C
13. B 14. C 15. A 16. A 17. B 18. B
19. B 20. B 21. C 22. C 23. C 24. A
25. A 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. B 30. C
31.A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. A 41. C 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. A 49. A 50. A 51. A 52. A 53. A 54. A 55. B 56. B 57. C 58. A 59. B 60. B 61. B 62. B 63. D 64. D 65. D 66. A 67. A
II. Each Question Carries 2 Mark.
1 Network Appliance’s high-performance filers can be used to best advantage if the ______________ and __________, two elements of network computing are appropriately implemented.
a) Network health and Bandwidth, Data storage capacity, accessibility, and performance
b) Network health and Bandwidth, Desktop & computer Server performance
c) Data storage capacity, accessibility, and performance, Desktop & computer Server performance
d) Desktop & computer Server performance, Flexibility
2. 10Base5 is called as ______________ and 10Base3 known as _______________.
a) Thin Net, Thick Net b) Thick Net, Thin Net
c) Thick Net, FDDI d) Thin Net, FDDI
3. ____________ provide connectivity to other subnets, isolate broadcasts and collisions, and –because they operate on the ____________ layer-transcend protocol differences to facilitate interaction where desired or minimize cross-protocol interaction where it would be counter-productive.
a) Router, Data-Link b) Router, Transport
c) Router, Network d) Bridges, Network
4.
II. Answers- 2 Mark
1. A 2. B 3. C 4.
III. Each Question Carries 4 Marks.
1. Managing the growth of a high-performance network computing environment, three interdependent components must be kept in balance:
i) Desktop & computer server performance
ii) Network health and Bandwidth
iii) Data storage capacity, accessibility, and performance
iv) Execution efficiency
a) All of the above b) i, ii, and iv
c) ii, iii, and iv d) None of the above
2. There are many factors contributing to fast Ethernet’s increasing popularity.
i) It is les costly, at the hub, switch, and workstation level, then other 100-Mbps
alternative e.g. ATM or FDDI
ii) Workstation market leader SUN includes Fast Ethernet interfaces standard on its
newest UlteraSPARC-based system.
iii) Existing structured cabling infrastructure can often be used with Fast Ethernet.
iv) Most Network equipment vendor offer switches that support Fast Ethernet.
a) All of the above b) i, ii, and iv
c) ii, iii, and iv d) None of the above
3.
III. Answers- 4 Mark
1. A 2. A
UNIT – 3
Interface Using Java
I. Each Question Carries 1 Mark.
1. A __________ is one endpoint of a two-way communication link between two programs running on the network.
a) Socket b) RMI c) CORBA d) None
2. _____________ are the a programming abstraction that isolates code from the low-level implementations of the TCP/IP protocol stack.
a) Socket b) RMI c) CORBA d) None
3. _____________ , as a programming interface, were originally developed at the University of California at Berkeley as a tool to easily accomplish network programming.
a) Socket b) RMI c) CORBA d) None
4. The ___________ Class is use for normal two-way socket communication and has four commonly used constructors.
a) Socket b) RMI c) CORBA d) ServerSocket
5. The constructors for the Socket class take two arguments: The host name may be given as either a String or as an _______________ object
a) InetAddress b) Port c) Stream d) TCP
6. Both getInpurtStream and getOutputStream throws an ________________, which should be caught.
a) IOException b) UnknownHostException c) SocketException d) None
7. An _______________ is an object that stores an IP address of a remote system. This object can be created through static method invocations.
a) InetAddress b) Port c) Stream d) TCP
8. The ____________ class is written so that it only performs DNS resolution once for each hostname over the life of the java runtime. All this class objects created for particular hostname will be returned from a persistent cache.
a) InetAddress b) Port c) Stream d) TCP
9. To write a one-line message and then read a one-line response you need only use the decorated stream:
a) testResponse = input.readLine(); b) String testResponse = input.readLine();
c) String testResponse = input.read(); d) None
10. _____________ provides a reliable, point-to-point communication channel that client-server applications on the Internet use to communicate with each other
a) InetAddress b) Port c) Stream d) TCP
11. To communicate over ___________, a client program and a server program establish a connection to one another. Each program binds a socket to its end of the connection. To communicate, the client and the server each reads from and writes to the socket bound to the connection.
a) InetAddress b) Port c) Stream d) TCP
12. A socket is one ______________ of a two-way communication link between two programs running on the network. Socket classes are used to represent the connection between a client program and a server program
a) Start-Point b) End-point c) Middle-Point d) None
13. The ________ package provides two classes--Socket and ServerSocket--that implement the client side of the connection and the server side of the connection, respectively
a) java.net b) Java.Socket c) Java.ServerSocket d) None
14. A server runs on a specific computer and has a socket that is bound to a specific _________. The server just waits, listening to the socket for a client to make a connection request.
a) IP address b) Port Number c) InetAddress d) Host Name
15. On the client-side: The client knows the hostname of the machine on which the server is running and the port number to which the server is connected. To make a connection request, the client tries to rendezvous with the server on the server's machine and port.
a) IP address b) Port Number c) InetAddress d) Host Name
16. If everything goes well, the server accepts the connection. Upon acceptance, the server gets a new socket bound to a different port. It needs a new socket (and consequently a different port number) so that it can continue to listen to the original ___________ for connection requests while tending to the needs of the connected client.
a) Socket b) UDP c) SMTP d) ServerSocket
17. On the client side, if the connection is accepted, a socket is successfully created and the client can use the ________ to communicate with the server.
a) Socket b) UDP c) SMTP d) ServerSocket
18. The socket on the client side is not bound to the port number used to rendezvous with the server. Rather, the client is assigned a ______________ local to the machine on which the client is running.
a) IP address b) Port Number c) InetAddress d) Host Name
19. The __________ class sits on top of a platform-dependent implementation, hiding the details of any particular system from your Java program. By using the java.net.Socket class instead of relying on native code, your Java programs can communicate over the network in a platform-independent fashion.
a) Socket b) UDP c) SMTP d) ServerSocket
20. java.net includes the _______________ class, which implements a socket that servers can use to listen for and accept connections to clients.
a) Socket b) UDP c) SMTP d) ServerSocket
21. Consider the following code: To create ACME client
acmeSocket = new Socket("ACME", 7);
out = new PrintWriter(acmeSocket.getOutputStream(), true);
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
acmeSocket.getInputStream()));
The first statement in this sequence creates a new __________ object and names it acmeSocket
a) Socket b) UDP c) SMTP d) ServerSocket
22. In Question 21 examples: The ____________ constructor used here requires the name of the machine and the port number to which you want to connect.
a) Socket b) UDP c) SMTP d) ServerSocket
23. In Question 21 examples: Port number 7 is the port on which the ________________ listens.
a) Socket b) UDP c) SMTP d) Server
24. In Question 21 examples: The third statement gets the socket's input stream and opens a ______________ on it
a) BufferedReader b) PrintWriter
c) getOutputStream d) InputStreamReader
25. In Question 21 examples: To send data through the socket to the server, ___________ simply needs to write to the PrintWriter.
a) ACME Client b) ACME Server c) Name Server d) None
26. To send data through the socket to the server, acmeClient simply needs to write to the ____________. To get the server's response, acmeClient reads from the BufferedReader.
a) BufferedReader b) PrintWriter
c) getOutputStream d) InputStreamReader
27. Considered the following code
try {
serverSocket = new ServerSocket(4444);
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("Could not listen on port: 4444");
System.exit(-1); }
The server program begins by creating a new _______________ object to listen on a specific port
a) Socket b) UDP c) SMTP d) ServerSocket
28. _____________ is a java.net class that provides a system-independent implementation of the server side of a client/server socket connection.
a) Socket b) UDP c) SMTP d) ServerSocket
29. The constructor for ____________ throws an exception if it can't listen on the specified port (for example, the port is already being used).
a) Socket b) UDP c) SMTP d) ServerSocket
30. Considered the following code
Socket clientSocket = null;
try {
clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("Accept failed: 4444");
System.exit(-1);
}
The ___________ method waits until a client starts up and requests a connection on the host and port of this server
a) connects b) bind c) accept d) hold
31. When you start the client program, the server should already be running and listening to the port, waiting for a client to request a connection. So, the first thing the client program does is to open a socket that is connected to the server running on the ___________ and port specified:
a) hostname b) Physical address c) InetAddress d) IP address
32. A _______________ is an independent, self-contained message sent over the network whose arrival, arrival time, and content are not guaranteed.
a) Datagram b) Message c) Packets d) None
33. Certain ports are dedicated to well-known services and you cannot use them. If you specify a port that is in use, the creation of the DatagramSocket will______________.
a) Overwrite b) Pass c) Fail d) None
34. The __________ method overrides run in the Thread class and provides the implementation for the thread. a) accept b) listen c) run d) None
35. A class called ___________, this kind of socket is used on the client-side to listen for packets that the server broadcasts to multiple clients
a) Multithreaded Client b) MulticastSocket c) MulticastServer d) None
I. Answers- 1 Mark
1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D 16. A 17. A 18. B
19. A 20. D 21. A 22. A 23. D 24.A
25. B 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. D 30. C
31. A 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. B 36.
II. Each Question Carries 2 Mark.
1. Java has number of classes that allow you to create socket-based network applications. The two classes you use include_______________ and ______________.
1. java.net.Socket 2. java.net.ServerSocket
3. www.java.com 4. java.network.Socket
a) 1 & 3 b) 2 & 4 c) 1 & 2 d) 3 & 4
2. The Socket class has methods that allow you to read and write through the Socket-
1. getInpurtStream b) getOutputStream c) BufferedReader d) PrintWriter
a) 1 & 3 b) 2 & 4 c) 1 & 2 d) 3 & 4
2. _____________ and _______________ provide a relatively high-level mechanism for accessing resources on the Internet.
a) URLs, URLConnections
3. Consider the following code
try {
InetAddress remotOP = InetAddress.getByName(www.microsoft.com);
} catch (UnknownHostException except ) {
System.err.println(“Unknown Host :” + except);
}
The method returns an InetAddress object with and __________ address for www.microsoft.com.
a) Physical b) Logical c) IP d) Host
4. After you have completed communicating through the socket, you must first close the ______________ and ___________ instance, and then close the socket.
a) Input, Output b) InputStream, OutputStream
c) InputReader, OutputWriter d) InputStream, OutputWriter
5. When writing a server, choose a port that is not already dedicated to some other service. In Question 27 above Server listens on port ______________ and port __________ is not being used for anything else in my environment:
a) 444, 111 b) 4444, 7777 c) 3452, 3455 b) 1024, 512
6. The ______________ and ________________ indicate where the datagram packet came from. This is where the server must send its response.
a) Host Name, IP address b) Internet address, port number
c) IP address, Internet address c) Port Number, Hostname
II. Answers- 2 Mark
1.C 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. B 6.B
7.
III. Each Question Carries 4 Marks.
1. The Socket class four commonly used constructors are:
i) Socket (String host, int port)
ii) Socket (InetAddress Address, int port)
iii) Socket (String host, int port, InetAddress localAddress, Int localport)
iv) Socket (InetAddress Address, int port, InetAddress localAddress, Int localport)
v) Socket (String host, int port)
a) i, ii, iii, & iv b) ii, iii, iv & v c) i, iii, iv, & v d) All of the above
2. The step involved creating a Socket, Which of the following statement is followed
1. Open a socket.
2. Open an input stream and output stream to the socket.
3. Read from and write to the stream according to the server's protocol.
4. Close the streams.
5. Close the socket.
a) i, ii, iii, & iv b) ii, iii, iv & v c) i, iii, iv, & v d) All of the above
3. Multiple client requests can come into the same port and, consequently, into the same ServerSocket. Client connection requests are queued at the port, so the server must accept the connections sequentially. However, the server can service them simultaneously through the use of threads - one thread per each client connection.
The basic flow of logic in such a server is this:
while (true) {
accept a connection ;
create a thread to deal with the client ;
end while
a) No need to use while loop b) Connection is accepted as client sends message.
c) Server hears on different Port no d) The above given steps are correct
4. The java.net package contains two classes to help you write Java programs that use datagrams to send and receive packets over the network: -
i) DatagramSocket ii) DatagramPacket iii) MulticastSocket
a) i, & iii b) ii & iii c) i, iI & iii d) None of the above
5. Let's considered the section that receives the requests from clients:
byte[] buf = new byte[256];
DatagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length);
socket.receive(packet);
The first statement creates an array of bytes, which is then used to create a DatagramPacket. The will be used to receive a datagram from the socket because of the constructor used to create it.
a) DatagramPacket b) Packet c) Message d) None
6. In example code in question 5. The constructor requires only two arguments: a byte array that contains client-specific data and the length of the byte array. When constructing a DatagramPacket to send over the DatagramSocket, you also must supply the __________ and _____________ of the packet's destination.
a) Host Name, IP address b) Internet address, port number
c) IP address, Internet address c) Port Number, Hostname
7. The last statement in the previous code snippet (see Question 5 above) receives a datagram from the socket (the information received from the client gets copied into the packet). The receive method waits forever until a packet is received. If no packet is received, the server makes no further progress and just __________.
a) Terminate b) Cause error c) waits d) None
8. Datagrams are used because:
i) Present a lighter load to the network.
ii) Present a lighter load to the server
iii) Present a lighter load to the client computer.
iv) Allow a same socket to be used for several logical connections.
v) Allow a server broadcast capability to be easily implemented.
vi) BUT TCP/IP provides a very efficient multipoint broadcast protocol.
a) i, ii, iii, iv & v b) a) i, ii, iv, v & vi c) a) ii, iii, iv, vi & vii d) All of the above
III. Answers- 4 Mark
1.A 2. D 3. D 4. C 5.A 6.B
7.C 8. D
